The variable PARTNER generated in the context of the partner identifier (PARID) to describe whether a person in a SOEP household has a partner in that household, and if so, the type of relationship existing between the partners. Relationships with persons outside the SOEP household are not covered by this variable. Code 0 is assigned to all single persons living in households and those with partners outside the household. Codes 1 to 4 describe relationships. To assign Codes 1 and 2, the partnership has to be definable from the perspective of both partners unanimously. If conflicting information exists between partners, the codes 3 or 4 are assigned. If it is unclear whether an individual has no partner or whether she forms a couple with one other household member, we assign the code 5. Registered partnerships (civil unions) for same-sex couples were introduced in Germany in 2001. Though, registered partnerships are legally not equal to marriage, they are listed in the same category.